Police Public Relations vs. Community-Police Relations Essay

Differences Between Police Public Relations Programs and Police-Community Relations Programs Police-Community Relations programs and Police Public Relations programs are similar in many ways, but not are not identical or interchangeable, according to Barker, and Hunter in 2011. Police-Community Relations is a philosophy of police administration, which seeks to involve community and police in ongoing decision making concerning policies which impact both. Police Public Relations programs involve broader and more complex goals than Police-Community relations programs. One purpose of public relations programs is to develop and maintain a productive working environment for police departments to operate within, through informing the public about why officers and departments do what they do, and by enhancing their own public image as primarily community helpers and first responders, worthy of the public respect and cooperation that is necessary for police operations (Barker & Hunter, 2011). Programs strive to influence the following factions: the pubic in order to gain support; politicians, in order to gain funding; and staff, in order to gain consistency in operations (Barker & Hunter, 2011). Police-Community Relations programs, however, are aimed towards integration of community groups and police organizations into partnerships focused on combating both criminal and social problems (Barker & Hunter, 2011). These programs determine types of services, implementation of programs, potential problem areas, and problem solving mechanisms (Barker & Hunter, 2011). Activities and processes of Police-Community Relations programs and Police Public Relations programs contrast as well. Police Public Relations program activities are standardized, repetitive, predictable, controllable, routinized, specialized, and agency oriented (Barker & Hunter, 2011). Information flows toward public only. Police-Community Relations programs must be flexible, reflexive, adaptable, and community oriented (Barker & Hunter, 2014). Extent of departmental involvement varies with both, however, agency breadth is narrow, compartmentalized, and specialized with Police Public Relations programs, and cross divisional with Police-Community Relations programs. The City of Durham Public Relations Office in North Carolina, through a senior public affairs specialist, provides information to citizens about departmental activities , functioning through â€Å"community relations/special events, media relations, employee/internal communications and marketing  communications†, and offers National Night Out Observance, a Ride Along Program, a Citizens Academy, and external projects, which educate the public and enhance community-police relations, according to the City of Durham website. It meets the definition for a Police Public Relations program, since information flows in one direction, and the program is agency-oriented, specialized, and has events that repeat annually, according to the following website : http://durhamnc.gov/ich/op/DPD/Pages/PRUnit.aspx Charlotte-Mecklenburg Community Relations, according to the Charlotte website, seeks â€Å"to develop trust and communications between officers and citizens†, working closely wi th Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department, utilizing a Police Complaint Review program, which addresses police misconduct and a Police-Community Relations Award program, recognizing 32 citizen groups and officers, who have made significant contributions to police-community relations. It meets the definition for a Police-Community Relations program, since information flows both towards, and from citizens, and the program focuses on the police-community relationship, and is community-oriented. References: Barker, T., Hunter, R.. ( 2011). Police Community Relations and the Administration of Justice, 8th ed, Prentice Hall: Saddle River.

‘In Flanders Fields’, ‘Break of day in the trenches’ and ‘Dulce et decorum est’ Essay

In my opinion I think that the poems, ‘In Flanders Fields’, ‘Break of day in the trenches’ and ‘Dulce et decorum est’ do teach the modern reader a variety of different things, therefore to say: â€Å"the modern reader learns little from them† is an inaccurate conclusion to draw. I think the modern reader can learn a sufficient amount from the three poems because of the clear themes that run through them. In the poem; in Flanders fields written by John McRae, it is obvious to the reader that this poet was a patriot and that he felt that the duty of the living soldiers was to honour the deed by continuing to fight on it the Great War. This poem portrays the similar attitudes of many soldiers who fought as it reflects how important it was for them to give and sacrifice their lives for the victory of their country. As a reader, you can learn the significance of the poppy; the red colour symbolising blood and death, the natural world taking its course by allowing the poppies to grow on the dead to show its natural beauty and how death is part of a cycle and also how the natural world still exists in the chaos and destruction of war which can also be linked with the Rat in ‘break of day in the trenches’. The reader can also gain an insight into the a soldiers thoughts and feelings which can justify why they felt as if they had no option but to win and honour the dead who have already sacrificed their lives for the victory of their country. Break of day in the trenches is a great way for a 21st century reader to understand and remotely feel the suffering that took place daily for men during the First World War in the popularly talked about trenches. It teaches us the futileness of the war and the similarities and common humanities that were shared between the English and German soldiers. This is poignantly represented by a ‘queer sardonic rat’ in the poem written by Isaac Rosenberg. The rat that is mentioned highlights the importance of the freedom that these men lacked but the rat; an unwanted, diseased carrying animal that is most commonly seen as vermin had. He has the opportunity to walk around freely and do as he pleases whereas the man in a trench can only stay where he is positioned. Ironically, the rat can ‘cross the sleeping green between’ to have a better chance of survival than the men, who are ‘less chanced than you for life’. This idea is sharply perceptive. The reader can get a sense of the real trench life and how devastating the destruction was to their lives and the appalling conditions they had to bear with. The powerful line of ‘the darkness crumbles away’ suggests how close they were to the earth as it was as basic as a hole in the ground. Lastly, the poem ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ written by Wilfred Owen allows the modern reader to divulge into the world of a soldier who has to witness shocking and harrowing scenes of death and destruction day in day out. The poet gives the reader just a snippet of a typical gas attack and how they cope and deal with such a horrific situation. The reader can feel the pain and emotion that he is feeling as a poor soldier is caught in this form of attack. The lines; ‘Bent double, like old beggars under sacks†¦ coughing like hags’ shows the audience that men who are meant to be fit, healthy and able are in fact aged by the stresses and strains of these conditions and how their physical and mental states are deteriorating. The imagery and the descriptions of the gas attack in this poem are vivid which helps the reader to put in into context and can help them to visualize what is happening (‘I saw him drowning’) The speech that is used is effective because a reader can imagine the panic in their voices and how terrified they must be. Not only does the reader gain an insight into the troubles of the soldiers but the attitudes that many soldiers, poets, women and children had. The title translates as; it is a sweet and fitting thing to die for one’s country however this is very ironic as the poem suggests that it is a complete contrast. This line represents the attitudes of some people who expect the war to be a wonderful, romantic and honourable deed when in reality it causes pain. The reader can see that children were ‘ardent eyed for some desperate glory’ and they believed it was an honour to die in this way which is what the title suggests. Overall, the modern reader can learn a substantial amount from reading these poems as they all cover different aspects of the war but the most resourceful poem is ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ because the modern reader discovers the reality of life as a soldier and the ongoing difficulties that he has to face be it from staying clear from rats of escaping a gas attack. The stereotypical war idea has been removed and the reader can learn this through this poem.

Analysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost - 822 Words

Analysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost Robert Frost’s poem â€Å"Home Burial† relates a drama between an estranged man and his wife. He presents a dramatic poem in the form of a dialogue about a couple that argues, differs with their opinions, and separates at the end. The center of the argument is around the death of their child. The poem is rich in human feelings; it highlights the expression of grief, frustration and anger that the couple shares while trying to deal with the death of their child. The Analysis of the poem will emphasize on the dramatic situation and identify the different elements that formed it such as the form, the tone, the imagery, and the language. â€Å"Home Burial† is a dramatic lyric in the form of a dialogue between†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, Amy cannot seem to let her grief go. She feels like her life has no meaning without her dead child. She is also angry with her husband because he dug their child’s grave and buried him. She cannot understand why he did such thing. Frost uses another alliteration to describe movements on line 80. He writes: â€Å"Leap up, like that, like that, and land so lightly†. That expression shows the action of the husband digging his child’s grave. Frost also usesShow MoreRelatedEssay about Analysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost970 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost Robert Frost wrote the poem Home Burial after he and his wife suffered the tragic loss of their 4-year-old son. Home Burial shows the emotions people feel after such a loss, and how they face those emotions. Through Frosts experience he shows that men and women grieve in different ways. In Home Burial Frost demonstrates, through the husband, that in the grieving process men tend to show strength. Throughout the poem you see the husband proceedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Home Burial By Robert Frost2109 Words   |  9 PagesRobert Frost’s poem, â€Å"Home Burial† (1914), eloquently intertwines dialogue within the structure of the poem in order to reveal the tensions between the two characters. Having recently buried their only child, Amy and her husband are learning how to grieve and deal with this horrible loss. However, they are learning to grieve separately, which causes distress and makes it look like their marriage is failing. According to William Fish, â€Å"mothers and fathers grieve differently and therefore are oftenRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s Home Burial And The Death Of The Hired Man 2384 Words   |  10 Pages THESIS STATEMENT Robert Frost, an American poet during the Nineteenth Century, Modernist Era, displayed the issues of realism through his life issues of death and spousal relations through his poems: â€Å"Home Burial† and â€Å"The Death of the Hired Man†. INTRODUCTION Robert Frost’s inspiration for his poetry derived from much of his life and the historical events that surrounded him. American literary critic, Harold Bloom wrote in his Bloom’s Major Poets, â€Å"Robert Frost is one of the major American poets†¦inRead MoreAnalysis of Home Burial1496 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Owen Marjory Thrash Eng 1123 V02 13 April 2009 Analysis of â€Å"Home Burial† Many of Robert Frost’s poems and short stories are a reflection of his personal life and events. Frost’s short story â€Å"Home Burial† emulates his experience living on a farm and the death of two of his sons. Frost gives an intimate view into the life and mind of a married couples’ struggle with grief and the strain it causes to their marriage. The characters Frost describes are synonymous, physically and emotionally,Read MoreThe Death Of The Hired Man By Robert Frost1500 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Frost, a four-time Pulitzer Prize conqueror in poetry, depicted accurate New England life through language and situations familiar to the common man. Frost states that his poems, â€Å"will forever keep its freshness as a metal keeps its fragrance. It can never lose its sense of meaning that once unfolded by surprise as it went,† (Richardson 224). This expresses that the freshness and simplicity Frost depicts in his poems mesmerizes his audience. Thi s leads to perceptive critics distinguishingRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Poems of Robert Frost1316 Words   |  6 Pagesthan Robert Frost. Robert Frost is a poet that is well known for his poetic contributions to nature, as well as his award winning poems. His poetic ability and knowledge make him an extraordinary author. His past; including schooling, family, and the era in which he wrote influenced nearly all of his poems in some way. This very famous poet contributed to the modernism era, had a family and an interesting life story, and a unique poetic style as well. The literary era in which Robert Frost wroteRead MoreUse Of Setting And Symbolism Of The Works Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman And Robert Frost1424 Words   |  6 Pagesmarriage, grief, loss, death, were two literature assignments that immediately came to mind. The works of Charlotte Perkins-Gilman and Robert Frost that we’ve read in class use setting and symbolism to help readers to develop a greater understanding of the nature of relationships develop a greater understanding of the nature of relationships between two people. Gilman, Frost, and Edson use setting to demonstrate the strain that can exist between people in times of conflict. In Gilman s short story TheRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesTwo Roads, Two Choices, One Decision â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† written by Robert Frost, discusses a traveler who has to make a choice between two roads. In the first stanza, the traveler remembers standing at an intersection of two roads. Indecisive about which road to take, he seems to believe that one of the roads would be more beneficial to him (Lee 5). In stanza two, the narrator refers to the traveler’s unexpected decision to take the other road by giving details of it. In addition, the narratorRead MoreEssay about Isolation and Nature in the Works of Robert Frost3175 Words   |  13 PagesIsolation and Nature in the Works of Robert Frost During the height of Robert Frost’s popularity, he was a well-loved poet who’s natural- and simple-seeming verse drew people - academics, artists, ordinary people both male and female - together into lecture halls and at poetry readings across the country.1 An eloquent, witty, and, above all else, honest public speaker, Frost’s readings imbued his poetry with a charismatic resonance beyond that of the words on paper, and it is of littleRead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, until

Capital Punishment And Its Effect On Society - 2096 Words

Throughout history, capital punishment has been practiced in many areas in regards to major crimes. Capital punishment is the execution of a convicted criminal as a punishment for the committed crimes, with methods of execution that include electrocutions, gas chambers, lethal injections, etc. Capital punishment has more recently been taken into moral standards, resulting in more than half of the United Nations’ members abolishing its use. (http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/) However, the death penalty remains legal in 32 states in America to this very day. The Utilitarian ideology supports capital punishment, arguing that it decreases crime and is best for the whole of society. In contrast to Utilitarianism, many people oppose the death†¦show more content†¦2. pg. 9-10). This is a consequentialist theory that focuses on the ends rather than the means, in which actions must be observed in order to decide the action’s morality. The most important matter is the amo unt of happiness or unhappiness that is created as a consequence of an action. When determining the amount of happiness, Mill says that everybody must account for one, meaning that everyone’s happiness value is equivalent. In regards to punishment, Utilitarianism defines this as taking someone’s life or their freedom by ways of capital punishment or imprisonment. Good consequences, such as protection and safety, are to be maximized for society. Mill was a proponent of capital punishment because he believed it offered multiple benefits to society. In his speech â€Å"Speech in Favor of Capital Punishment,† Mill stated, â€Å"we endeavor to devise some punishment for the living criminal which shall act on the human mind with a deterrent force at all comparable to that of death, we are driven to inflictions less severe indeed in appearance, and therefore less efficacious, but far more cruel in reality.† According to Mill, the primary benefits of capital pun ishment are incapacitation and deference. Comfort and gratification were also secondary benefits of capital punishment. The

English 101- Oedipus Complex - 952 Words

Suffering the Oedipus complex I agree with the fact that Sophocles’ Oedipus had suffered from the Oedipus complex because Oedipus has shown that he is part of the triangle of being the young child who is â€Å"in love with one parent and hating the other† (Freud 472). If a person is one to not get over this stage in his childhood, to detach from his mother and forgive his father, then the conflict of the triangle has not been resolved leading him to be psychoneurotic. In the next paragraphs, I’m going to discuss why I think the oracle is at fault for Oedipus turning out the way he did, the tragic relationship with his father, and also about the unknowing relationship with his mother. Even though none of us want to acknowledge†¦show more content†¦The oracle was stated that Oedipus would sleep with his mother, and when he finds out that his father in Corinth, he still is skeptical that if he goes back there is still a chance that he will fulfill this pr ophecies, although with knowledge of it he already has. OEDIPUS. If only my mother were not still alive! But she is alive. I can not help my dread. In conclusion, these previous examples do provide evidence that Oedipus did suffer from the Oedipus complex. He fulfilled what the oracle had predicted, from not getting over the stage in his childhood, to which he would need to detach from his mother and forgive his father; the conflict of the triangle was not resolved, making Oedipus psychoneurotic. From all this the queen kills herself and Oedipus blinds himself; as Freud said, â€Å" Appalled at the abomination which he unwittingly perpetrated, Oedipus blinds himself and forsakes his home. The oracle has been fulfilled† (Freud 473). Work Cited Freud, Sigmund. â€Å"The Oedipus Complex.† Trans. James Strachey. A World of Ideas. 7th ed. Print. Sophocles, .The Oedipus Cycle. Trans. Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald. N.p.: Harcourt, Inc., 977. 43-73.Show MoreRelatedLiterary Criticisms of Shakespeare’s Hamlet Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagesof someone’s father would evoke any sort of sexual feeling, so this comment really did not make any sense to me. Looking at the play from a Freudian perspective, however, it is clear to see the sexuality in Gertrude’s remarrying and Hamlet’s Oedipus complex. On another note, Cox looks at Greenblatt’s view of the ghost of King Hamlet as a soul stuck in purgatory. â€Å"Greenblatt offers ample evidence from medieval works on purgatory to substantiate Mores claim about the suffering of the dead in purgatoryRead MoreKhasak14018 Words   |  57 PagesPsychoanalytic and Mythological criticism and applies it to the novel. The Introduction sets the ground for the analysis by exploring the scope of the novel in the comparative study of literature. It also asser ts the author’s place in the regional and Indian English canons of literature and establishes his creative genius with reference to the work considered. The second chapter, titled The Dark Vault, studies the aspects of psychoanalytic theory which can be used in the analysis of the novel. It deals mainlyRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesidentity as Americans Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · allusions in writing often refer to African-American spirituals uses the structure of blues songs in poetry (ex-repetition of key phrases) superficial stereotypes later revealed to be characters capable of complex moral judgments Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · this period gave birth to a new form of religious music called gospel music blues and jazz are transmitted across America via radio and phonographs Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · mass African-American migrationRead MoreThe Vampire: What Boundaries Does the Vampire Threaten? Discuss with R9200 Words   |  37 PagesEnglishman abroad, complete with spats and homburg ... this gay dandy is a ready victim of the Count s seduction (Jones, p. 91). Renfield is florid and faintly effeminate, he is a Hollywood version of a decadent English gentleman (Auerbach, p. 156). Dracula wears attire consistent of a cloak, tuxedo and medals, despite the occasion, which in the 1930s is considered perverse. He is very clothes-conscious, and at closer inspectionRead MoreMID TERM STUDY GUIDE Essay16611 Words   |  67 Pageseach decade of life 2. Beatriz complains to her father about the outfit he wants her to wear. Among many other things, she says â€Å"But everybody will be looking at me!† According to Elkind this is an example of a teenager’s: (35) a. vanity b. Oedipus complex c. imaginary audience*** d. avoidant attachment 3. The brain stem controls: (30) a. Sensory activities b. Memory c. Sensory output d. Body functions like breathing*** 4. The cerebellum coordinates: (30) a. Sensory activities*** b. Memory Read MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pages1986). Spanish Abul-Casim Maslama ben Ahmad: Picatrix (El fin del sabio y el mejor de los dos medios para avanzar). Edicià ³n de Marcelino Villegas Editora Nacional. Coleccià ³n  «Biblioteca de visionarios, heterodoxos y marginados ». (Madrid, 1982). English An English translation of the first two books of Picatrix was released in August of 2002 by Ouroboros Press, translated from the Arabic by Hashem Atallah. I hope that by giving this account of its contents, other editions and studies of this importantRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesIntelligence Assessment 97 Scoring Key 97 Comparison Data 99 The Defining Issues Test 99 The Escaped Prisoner 99 The Doctor’s Dilemma 100 The Newspaper 100 Cognitive Style Indicator 101 Scoring and Comparison Data for the Cognitive Style Indicator 101 Scoring Key 101 Comparison Data 101 Locus of Control Scale 101 Scoring Key 101 Compa rison Data 102 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 102 Scoring Key 102 Comparison Data 102 vi CONTENTS 60 Core Self-Evaluation Scale 103 Scoring Key 103 Comparison Data 103

Climate Change and Its Effect free essay sample

A person’s awareness is not a static state which can be arbitrarily turned on and off. It is rather a slow build-up of information about his surroundings. It develops gradually over time, meaning different levels of awareness can exist(Kai Riemer, Russel Haines, 2008). Climate change is a significant and emerging threat to public health, economics, tourism, and agriculture, and changes the way we must look at protecting vulnerable populations. Another theoryanchored in this study is the theory of Florence Nightingale â€Å"Environmental Model†.In Nightingale’s theory, her main focus is the control of the environment of individuals and families, both healthy and ill. She believes that the environment was the major component creating illness in a patient; she regards disease as â€Å"the reactions of kindly nature against the conditions in which we have placed ourselves†. There are several effects of climate change that affects the environment. First are the effects on health. We will write a custom essay sample on Climate Change and Its Effect or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Climate change endangers human health, affecting all sectors of society, both domestically and globally.The environmental consequences of climate change, both those already observed and those that are anticipated, such as sea-level rise, changes in precipitation resulting in flooding and drought, heat waves, more intense hurricanes and storms, and degraded air quality, will affect human health both directly and indirectly. Addressing the effects of climate change on human health is especially challenging because both the surrounding environment and the decisions that people make influence health.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) concluded â€Å"Human beings are exposed to climate change through changing weather patterns (for example, more intense and frequent extreme events) and indirectly through changes in water, air, food quality and quantity, ecosystems, agriculture, and economy. At this early stage the effects are small but are projected to progressively increase in all countries and regions. † (http://epa. gov/climatechange/effects/health. html).According to Miller (1978) the system must interact and adjust to its environment. Thereby if the environment will be altered such as events like climate change then our health may also be affected. Also the manipulation of the physical environment is a major component in nursing care. And any changes or imbalanced made by these major areas of the environment in which the nurse can control have great impact on the equilibrium of the system thus making the nurse to exert more effort to balance the damaged system.

The Groden Center Essays - Providence Metropolitan Area,

The Groden Center The number of single-family building permits were the most this decade and represented a 14% increase over last year. There were 2,542 permits for new, single-family units pulled in Rhode Island last year, 312 more than in 1997. In an interview with Roger R. Warren, executive director of the Rhode Island Builders Association, he stated Residential construction is a fundamental indicator of Rhode Island's economic strength. These strong building permit figures are an assurance that the state's economy continues to grow. Although Johnston, Providence, and Scituate, experienced decreases in permits issued, many more towns have seen dramatic increases, as much as 48% in Coventry. There are several factors that help to explain this trend. General economic conditions such as interest rates affect whether people can afford new homes. Low interest rates, and an unemployment rate just under the national average have put new homes within reach for many people. Further, the average cost of homebuilding hasn't experienced more than a 12% increase in the last 10 years. These facts, together with increasing personal income adds on even more permits. Demographics have also had a significant impact on home purchases this decade. People tend to purchase their largest and most expensive homes during their 40s, near the peak of their earnings. The majority of the 80 million baby-boomers have reached their 40s during the 1990s and into the early part of the 21st century. At least two forces of change will affect management in the homebuilding industry as a result of these trends. Much of Rhode Island's undeveloped land is restricted, which will result in an eventual cap on building. Bryant College economist William B. Sweeney said; The increase in construction falls in line with other indicators of a strong economy ahead. But even if there are enough customers who want to purchase homes, Rhode Island may be getting max out. Wetlands make up a large portion of RI, precluding a lot of development. The other force of change occurs in communities where proposals have been made to establish fees which will increase the cost of new homes. Research has begun to determine the impact that each new home built has on a town's